Ювенильная ангиофиброма носоглотки и основания черепа

Ювенильная ангиофиброма носоглотки и основания черепа (ЮАН) является редкой доброкачественной опухолью, поражающей почти исключительно подростков мужского пола. Обычно симптомы ЮАН выявляются в течение 15–24 мес до обращения за медицинской помощью. ЮАН в основном диагностируется у пациентов в возрасте от 14 до 25 лет. Ангиофиброма состоит из сложной смеси кровеносных сосудов и фиброзной стромы. Эта особенность определяет свойство опухоли массивно кровоточить даже после минимальных хирургических манипуляций. Опухоль обычно растет кзади и вверх, вовлекая клиновидную пазуху, может распространяться кпереди в полость носа с вовлечением клеток решетчатой кости. При латеральном распространении поражает пространство крыловидно-небной ямки, а также может распространяться в подвисочную ямку, в область жевательных мышц и мягких тканей щеки. В этом обзоре мы кратко изложим историю изучения, клиническую картину, этиологию, патогенез, лучевую диагностику заболевания, а также представим актуальные способы лечения и возможные осложнения при лечении ЮАН.

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